Lesbian Advocate Barbara Grier Dies at 78

Jim Burroway

November 11th, 2011

Barbara Grier, longtime lesbian author, editor, advocate and founder of what was once the world’s largest publisher of gay and lesbian literature, died of cancer Thursday at a hospital in Tallahassee, Florida. She was 78.

Barbara was born on November 4, 1933 in Cincinnati. She said she came out as a lesbian at twelve years old, and spent the rest of her life finding out as much about lesbians as she could. She told her mother she was homosexual, but as she later recalled, her mother replied, “No, because you’re a woman, you’re a lesbian. And since 12 years old is too young to make such a decision, let’s wait six months before we tell the newspapers.” Her book collection began when her mother gave her a copy of Radclyffe Hall’s The Well of Loneliness when she turned sixteen. Barbara’s love for lesbian literature, which she called Lesbiana, would serve as the guiding force for her life’s work, not the mention the basis for her massive personal book collection.

Barbara began her career at The Ladder, the in-house newsletter for the Daughters of Bilitis, in 1957. She mostly wrote book reviews for works of fiction in which lesbians were characters, and like most gay and lesbian authors at that time, she used multiple pen names, including Gene Damon, Lennox Strong, and Vern Niven. When she took over as editor of The Ladder in 1968, she sought to broaden its appeal by dropping the word “lesbian” from the front cover and expanding coverage to include more feminist themes. At this time, the Daughters of Bilitis themselves were in conflict about the organizations direction; the founders wanted a more conservative, assimilationist approach, which conflicted with the younger, more separatist feminists. Grier was solildly in the latter camp, and when the Daughters of Bilitis folded, Grier retained the subscription lists without the knowledge of DOB’s founders, causing an uproar. The Ladder ultimately folded in 1972.

In 1973, Barbara and her partner, Donna McBride, founded Naiad Press, which mostly published Lesbian fiction. Naiad published anything from pulp fiction to poetry, mysteries and romance novels. Barbara’s goal was for lesbians in the midwest to have books to read that reflected who they were. Naiad Press launched the careers of a number of successful lesbian authors, and Naiad also drew from Barbara’s own vast collection of out-of-print works by Renée Vivien and Gertrude Stein. But Naiad became best known for publishing Rosemary Curb and Nancy Manahan’s groundbreaking nonfiction Lesbian Nuns: Breaking Silence. The book, which was banned in Boston and heavily criticized by the Catholic Church, was a collaboration with 51 former and then-current nuns in religious communities.

Barbara and Donna sold the company to Bella Books in 2003 and retired. They also donated their collection of literature to the San Francisco Public Library. It consisted of an entire tractor trailer full of 14,000 books.

Barbara and Donna married in California on September 5, 2008, during the brief period in which same-sex marriages were available. Barbara’s body was cremated, and there will be no funeral services.

Marcelle Wyzdyx

November 11th, 2011

She was a great resource for me in the olden days of 1975.

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